- Exhaustive knowledge of the general lines of modern European history, seen as conflicts among different social, political and economic behavior across time and space (deriving both from the past as from other countries), focused on changes and continuities.
- General knowledge of the main institutional models designed to regulate relations between individuals as between them and the community (public life), and organized voluntarily and permanently to represent and influence society.

- Understanding the peculiarities of the State building process in West and East Europe.
- Examining the interactions between the political, economical and institutional sphere related to social changes of the last 3 Centuries, specifically the industrial and urban revolution.
- Reflecting on different models of "modernity" and "transition processes" of "modernization" seen as an epoch of crisis.
- As final result, the students will be able to apply a comparative approach in order to understand the evolutions of rules and institutions.

Diachronic comparison of social and political developments and their influence on political institutions in England (18 - 19 th Century), Germany (19 - 20 th Century) and in Central and Eastern Europe (World War II - today).
- Development of the major political ideologies (Liberalism, Nationalism, Communism) in the area and their impact on the institutional structure.
- The process of "modernization": industrial Revolution and urbanization, and their effects on political culture.
- The effects of EU enlargement and global capitalism on the transition countries.

• 1.  (A) Stephen White, Judy Batt, Paul G. Lewis (eds) Developments in Central and East European Politics 5 Duke University Press, Durham, 2013
• 2.  (A) Janos, Andrew C. East central Europe in the modern world : the politics of the borderlands from pre- to postcommunism Stanford University Press, Stanford, 2000
• 3.  (A) Eleonore Breuning, Jill Lewis, Gareth Pritchard (eds) Power and the people : a social history of Central European politics, 1945-56 Manchester University Press, Manchester ; New York, 2005

Course book required reading for attending students (8 cfu): the students are free to choose one of the following books:
- Stephen White, Judy Batt, Paul G. Lewis (eds), "Developments in Central and East European Politics 5", Duke University Press, 2013;
- Eleonore Breuning, Jill Lewis, Gareth Pritchard (eds), "Power and the people : a social history of Central European politics, 1945-56", Manchester University Press, 2005.


Course book required reading for non attending students (8 cfu):
- Stephen White, Judy Batt, Paul G. Lewis (eds), "Developments in Central and East European Politics 5", Duke University Press, Durham, 2013,
- Janos, Andrew C., "East central Europe in the modern world : the politics of the borderlands from pre- to postcommunism", Stanford University Press, Stanford, 2000.

• Frontal lessons, workshops with public presentations and discussions of selected topics, video materials (documentary films).
  

• 1.Written partial exam showing students ability to compose three short essays concerning the key arguments of the course in a comparative manner.
  
  2. Oral final exam showing the overall learning based on: frontal lessons, workshops, public discussions and course books.
  

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