clear all
clc
A = [1 2 3; 4 5 6]
A'
r1 = [1 0 -1]
r2 = [1 2 2]
B = [r1; r2]
A + B
2*A - 3*B
numRows = size(A, 1)
numColumns = size(A, 2)
A - ones(numRows, numColumns)
% or
B = A - 1
B(1, end) = sqrt(2) % or B(1, 3) = sqrt(2)